W3C PROVenance Interchange Ontology (PROV-O)
type: Ontology
version IRI: prov-o-20130430
comment: This document is published by the Provenance Working Group (http://www.w3.org/2011/prov/wiki/Main_Page). If you wish to make comments regarding this document, please send them to public-prov-comments@w3.org (subscribe public-prov-comments-request@w3.org, archives http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-prov-comments/). All feedback is welcome.
version info: Recommendation version 2013-04-30
specializationOf: prov-o
wasRevisionOf: prov-o-20130312

category
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Classify prov-o terms into three categories, including 'starting-point', 'qualifed', and 'extended'. This classification is used by the prov-o html document to gently introduce prov-o terms to its users.

component
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Classify prov-o terms into six components according to prov-dm, including 'agents-responsibility', 'alternate', 'annotations', 'collections', 'derivations', and 'entities-activities'. This classification is used so that readers of prov-o specification can find its correspondence with the prov-dm specification.

constraints
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: A reference to the principal section of the PROV-CONSTRAINTS document that describes this concept.
sub property of: seeAlso

definition
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: A definition quoted from PROV-DM or PROV-CONSTRAINTS that describes the concept expressed with this OWL term.

dm
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: A reference to the principal section of the PROV-DM document that describes this concept.
sub property of: seeAlso

editorialNote
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: A note by the OWL development team about how this term expresses the PROV-DM concept, or how it should be used in context of semantic web or linked data.

editorsDefinition
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: When the prov-o term does not have a definition drawn from prov-dm, and the prov-o editor provides one.
sub property of: definition

inverse
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: PROV-O does not define all property inverses. The directionalities defined in PROV-O should be given preference over those not defined. However, if users wish to name the inverse of a PROV-O property, the local name given by prov:inverse should be used.

http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#n
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: A reference to the principal section of the PROV-DM document that describes this concept.
sub property of: seeAlso

order
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: The position that this OWL term should be listed within documentation. The scope of the documentation (e.g., among all terms, among terms within a prov:category, among properties applying to a particular class, etc.) is unspecified.

qualifiedForm
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: This annotation property links a subproperty of prov:wasInfluencedBy with the subclass of prov:Influence and the qualifying property that are used to qualify it. Example annotation: prov:wasGeneratedBy prov:qualifiedForm prov:qualifiedGeneration, prov:Generation . Then this unqualified assertion: :entity1 prov:wasGeneratedBy :activity1 . can be qualified by adding: :entity1 prov:qualifiedGeneration :entity1Gen . :entity1Gen a prov:Generation, prov:Influence; prov:activity :activity1; :customValue 1337 . Note how the value of the unqualified influence (prov:wasGeneratedBy :activity1) is mirrored as the value of the prov:activity (or prov:entity, or prov:agent) property on the influence class.
sub property of: seeAlso

specializationOf
type: AnnotationProperty
range: Entity
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: alternateOf
domain: Entity
constraints: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#prov-dm-constraints-fig
category: expanded
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-specialization
definition: An entity that is a specialization of another shares all aspects of the latter, and additionally presents more specific aspects of the same thing as the latter. In particular, the lifetime of the entity being specialized contains that of any specialization. Examples of aspects include a time period, an abstraction, and a context associated with the entity.
component: alternate
inverse: generalizationOf
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-specialization

unqualifiedForm
type: AnnotationProperty
comment: Classes and properties used to qualify relationships are annotated with prov:unqualifiedForm to indicate the property used to assert an unqualified provenance relation.
sub property of: seeAlso

wasRevisionOf
type: AnnotationProperty
range: Entity
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: wasDerivedFrom
domain: Entity
property chain axiom: qualifiedRevision
property chain axiom: entity
component: derivations
qualified form: Revision
qualified form: qualifiedRevision
category: expanded
inverse: hadRevision
comment: A revision is a derivation that revises an entity into a revised version.

actedOnBehalfOf
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: wasInfluencedBy
domain: Agent
range: Agent
property chain axiom: qualifiedDelegation
property chain axiom: agent
comment: An object property to express the accountability of an agent towards another agent. The subordinate agent acted on behalf of the responsible agent in an actual activity.
category: starting-point
component: agents-responsibility
inverse: hadDelegate
qualified form: Delegation
qualified form: qualifiedDelegation

activity
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: influencer
domain: ActivityInfluence
range: Activity
category: qualified
editorial note: This property behaves in spirit like rdf:object; it references the object of a prov:wasInfluencedBy triple.
editors definition: The prov:activity property references an prov:Activity which influenced a resource. This property applies to an prov:ActivityInfluence, which is given by a subproperty of prov:qualifiedInfluence from the influenced prov:Entity, prov:Activity or prov:Agent.
inverse: activityOfInfluence

agent
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: influencer
domain: AgentInfluence
range: Agent
category: qualified
editorial note: This property behaves in spirit like rdf:object; it references the object of a prov:wasInfluencedBy triple.
editors definition: The prov:agent property references an prov:Agent which influenced a resource. This property applies to an prov:AgentInfluence, which is given by a subproperty of prov:qualifiedInfluence from the influenced prov:Entity, prov:Activity or prov:Agent.
inverse: agentOfInfluence

alternateOf
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Entity
range: Entity
category: expanded
component: alternate
constraints: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#prov-dm-constraints-fig
definition: Two alternate entities present aspects of the same thing. These aspects may be the same or different, and the alternate entities may or may not overlap in time.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-alternate
inverse: alternateOf
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-alternate

atLocation
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Class
  union of: Activity
  union of: Agent
  union of: Entity
  union of: InstantaneousEvent
range: Location
comment: The Location of any resource.
comment: This property has multiple RDFS domains to suit multiple OWL Profiles. See PROV-O OWL Profile.
category: expanded
editorial note: The naming of prov:atLocation parallels prov:atTime, and is not named prov:hadLocation to avoid conflicting with the convention that prov:had* properties are used on prov:Influence classes.
editorial note: This property is not functional because the many values could be at a variety of granularies (In this building, in this room, in that chair).
inverse: locationOf
shares definition with: Location

entity
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: influencer
domain: EntityInfluence
range: Entity
category: qualified
editorial note: This property behaves in spirit like rdf:object; it references the object of a prov:wasInfluencedBy triple.
editors definition: The prov:entity property references an prov:Entity which influenced a resource. This property applies to an prov:EntityInfluence, which is given by a subproperty of prov:qualifiedInfluence from the influenced prov:Entity, prov:Activity or prov:Agent.
inverse: entityOfInfluence

generated
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: influenced
inverse of: wasGeneratedBy
domain: Activity
range: Entity
category: expanded
component: entities-activities
editorial note: prov:generated is one of few inverse property defined, to allow Activity-oriented assertions in addition to Entity-oriented assertions.
inverse: wasGeneratedBy
shares definition with: Generation

hadActivity
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Influence
domain: Class
  union of: Delegation
  union of: Derivation
  union of: End
  union of: Start
range: Activity
comment: The _optional_ Activity of an Influence, which used, generated, invalidated, or was the responsibility of some Entity. This property is _not_ used by ActivityInfluence (use prov:activity instead).
comment: This property has multiple RDFS domains to suit multiple OWL Profiles. See PROV-O OWL Profile.
category: qualified
component: derivations
editorial note: The multiple rdfs:domain assertions are intended. One is simpler and works for OWL-RL, the union is more specific but is not recognized by OWL-RL.
inverse: wasActivityOfInfluence
shares definition with: Activity

hadGeneration
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Derivation
range: Generation
comment: The _optional_ Generation involved in an Entity's Derivation.
category: qualified
component: derivations
inverse: generatedAsDerivation
shares definition with: Generation

hadMember
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: wasInfluencedBy
domain: Collection
range: Entity
category: expanded
component: expanded
inverse: wasMemberOf
shares definition with: Collection

Axiom
annotated source: hadMember
annotated property: range
annotated target: Entity
comment: A collection is an entity that provides a structure to some constituents, which are themselves entities. These constituents are said to be member of the collections.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-collection

hadPlan
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Association
range: Plan
comment: The _optional_ Plan adopted by an Agent in Association with some Activity. Plan specifications are out of the scope of this specification.
category: qualified
component: agents-responsibility
inverse: wasPlanOf
shares definition with: Plan

hadPrimarySource
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: wasDerivedFrom
domain: Entity
range: Entity
property chain axiom: qualifiedPrimarySource
property chain axiom: entity
category: expanded
component: derivations
inverse: wasPrimarySourceOf
qualified form: PrimarySource
qualified form: qualifiedPrimarySource

Axiom
annotated source: hadPrimarySource
annotated property: subPropertyOf
annotated target: wasDerivedFrom
comment: hadPrimarySource property is a particular case of wasDerivedFrom (see http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#term-original-source) that aims to give credit to the source that originated some information.

hadRole
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Influence
domain: Class
  union of: Association
  union of: InstantaneousEvent
range: Role
comment: The _optional_ Role that an Entity assumed in the context of an Activity. For example, :baking prov:used :spoon; prov:qualified [ a prov:Usage; prov:entity :spoon; prov:hadRole roles:mixing_implement ].
comment: This property has multiple RDFS domains to suit multiple OWL Profiles. See PROV-O OWL Profile.
category: qualified
component: agents-responsibility
editors definition: prov:hadRole references the Role (i.e. the function of an entity with respect to an activity), in the context of an instantaneous usage, generation, association, start, and end.
inverse: wasRoleIn
shares definition with: Role

hadUsage
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Derivation
range: Usage
comment: The _optional_ Usage involved in an Entity's Derivation.
category: qualified
component: derivations
inverse: wasUsedInDerivation
shares definition with: Usage

influenced
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: wasInfluencedBy
category: expanded
component: agents-responsibility
inverse: wasInfluencedBy
shares definition with: Influence

influencer
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Influence
range: Thing
comment: Subproperties of prov:influencer are used to cite the object of an unqualified PROV-O triple whose predicate is a subproperty of prov:wasInfluencedBy (e.g. prov:used, prov:wasGeneratedBy). prov:influencer is used much like rdf:object is used.
category: qualified
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-influence
editorial note: This property and its subproperties are used in the same way as the rdf:object property, i.e. to reference the object of an unqualified prov:wasInfluencedBy or prov:influenced triple.
editors definition: This property is used as part of the qualified influence pattern. Subclasses of prov:Influence use these subproperties to reference the resource (Entity, Agent, or Activity) whose influence is being qualified.
inverse: hadInfluence

invalidated
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: influenced
inverse of: wasInvalidatedBy
domain: Activity
range: Entity
category: expanded
component: entities-activities
editorial note: prov:invalidated is one of few inverse property defined, to allow Activity-oriented assertions in addition to Entity-oriented assertions.
inverse: wasInvalidatedBy
shares definition with: Invalidation

qualifiedAssociation
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: qualifiedInfluence
domain: Activity
range: Association
comment: If this Activity prov:wasAssociatedWith Agent :ag, then it can qualify the Association using prov:qualifiedAssociation [ a prov:Association; prov:agent :ag; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: agents-responsibility
inverse: qualifiedAssociationOf
shares definition with: Association
unqualified form: wasAssociatedWith

qualifiedAttribution
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: qualifiedInfluence
domain: Entity
range: Attribution
comment: If this Entity prov:wasAttributedTo Agent :ag, then it can qualify how it was influenced using prov:qualifiedAttribution [ a prov:Attribution; prov:agent :ag; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: agents-responsibility
inverse: qualifiedAttributionOf
shares definition with: Attribution
unqualified form: wasAttributedTo

qualifiedCommunication
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: qualifiedInfluence
domain: Activity
range: Communication
comment: If this Activity prov:wasInformedBy Activity :a, then it can qualify how it was influenced using prov:qualifiedCommunication [ a prov:Communication; prov:activity :a; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: entities-activities
inverse: qualifiedCommunicationOf
qualified form: Communication
shares definition with: Communication

qualifiedDelegation
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: qualifiedInfluence
domain: Agent
range: Delegation
comment: If this Agent prov:actedOnBehalfOf Agent :ag, then it can qualify how with prov:qualifiedResponsibility [ a prov:Responsibility; prov:agent :ag; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: agents-responsibility
inverse: qualifiedDelegationOf
shares definition with: Delegation
unqualified form: actedOnBehalfOf

qualifiedDerivation
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: qualifiedInfluence
domain: Entity
range: Derivation
comment: If this Entity prov:wasDerivedFrom Entity :e, then it can qualify how it was derived using prov:qualifiedDerivation [ a prov:Derivation; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: derivations
inverse: qualifiedDerivationOf
shares definition with: Derivation
unqualified form: wasDerivedFrom

qualifiedEnd
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: qualifiedInfluence
domain: Activity
range: End
comment: If this Activity prov:wasEndedBy Entity :e1, then it can qualify how it was ended using prov:qualifiedEnd [ a prov:End; prov:entity :e1; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: entities-activities
inverse: qualifiedEndOf
shares definition with: End
unqualified form: wasEndedBy

qualifiedGeneration
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: qualifiedInfluence
domain: Entity
range: Generation
comment: If this Activity prov:generated Entity :e, then it can qualify how it performed the Generation using prov:qualifiedGeneration [ a prov:Generation; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: entities-activities
inverse: qualifiedGenerationOf
shares definition with: Generation
unqualified form: wasGeneratedBy

qualifiedInfluence
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Class
  union of: Activity
  union of: Agent
  union of: Entity
range: Influence
comment: Because prov:qualifiedInfluence is a broad relation, the more specific relations (qualifiedCommunication, qualifiedDelegation, qualifiedEnd, etc.) should be used when applicable.
category: qualified
component: derivations
inverse: qualifiedInfluenceOf
shares definition with: Influence
unqualified form: wasInfluencedBy

qualifiedInvalidation
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: qualifiedInfluence
domain: Entity
range: Invalidation
comment: If this Entity prov:wasInvalidatedBy Activity :a, then it can qualify how it was invalidated using prov:qualifiedInvalidation [ a prov:Invalidation; prov:activity :a; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: entities-activities
inverse: qualifiedInvalidationOf
shares definition with: Invalidation
unqualified form: wasInvalidatedBy

qualifiedPrimarySource
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: qualifiedInfluence
domain: Entity
range: PrimarySource
comment: If this Entity prov:hadPrimarySource Entity :e, then it can qualify how using prov:qualifiedPrimarySource [ a prov:PrimarySource; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: derivations
inverse: qualifiedSourceOf
shares definition with: PrimarySource
unqualified form: hadPrimarySource

qualifiedQuotation
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: qualifiedInfluence
domain: Entity
range: Quotation
comment: If this Entity prov:wasQuotedFrom Entity :e, then it can qualify how using prov:qualifiedQuotation [ a prov:Quotation; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: derivations
inverse: qualifiedQuotationOf
shares definition with: Quotation
unqualified form: wasQuotedFrom

qualifiedRevision
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: qualifiedInfluence
domain: Entity
range: Revision
comment: If this Entity prov:wasRevisionOf Entity :e, then it can qualify how it was revised using prov:qualifiedRevision [ a prov:Revision; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: derivations
inverse: revisedEntity
shares definition with: Revision
unqualified form: wasRevisionOf

qualifiedStart
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: qualifiedInfluence
domain: Activity
range: Start
comment: If this Activity prov:wasStartedBy Entity :e1, then it can qualify how it was started using prov:qualifiedStart [ a prov:Start; prov:entity :e1; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: entities-activities
inverse: qualifiedStartOf
shares definition with: Start
unqualified form: wasStartedBy

qualifiedUsage
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: qualifiedInfluence
domain: Activity
range: Usage
comment: If this Activity prov:used Entity :e, then it can qualify how it used it using prov:qualifiedUsage [ a prov:Usage; prov:entity :e; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: entities-activities
inverse: qualifiedUsingActivity
shares definition with: Usage
unqualified form: used

used
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: wasInfluencedBy
domain: Activity
range: Entity
property chain axiom: qualifiedUsage
property chain axiom: entity
comment: A prov:Entity that was used by this prov:Activity. For example, :baking prov:used :spoon, :egg, :oven .
category: starting-point
component: entities-activities
inverse: wasUsedBy
qualified form: Usage
qualified form: qualifiedUsage

wasAssociatedWith
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: wasInfluencedBy
domain: Activity
range: Agent
property chain axiom: qualifiedAssociation
property chain axiom: agent
comment: An prov:Agent that had some (unspecified) responsibility for the occurrence of this prov:Activity.
category: starting-point
component: agents-responsibility
inverse: wasAssociateFor
qualified form: Association
qualified form: qualifiedAssociation

wasAttributedTo
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: wasInfluencedBy
domain: Entity
range: Agent
property chain axiom: qualifiedAttribution
property chain axiom: agent
comment: Attribution is the ascribing of an entity to an agent.
category: starting-point
component: agents-responsibility
definition: Attribution is the ascribing of an entity to an agent.
inverse: contributed
qualified form: Attribution
qualified form: qualifiedAttribution

Axiom
annotated source: wasAttributedTo
annotated property: subPropertyOf
annotated target: wasInfluencedBy
comment: Attribution is a particular case of trace (see http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#concept-trace), in the sense that it links an entity to the agent that ascribed it.
definition: IF wasAttributedTo(e2,ag1,aAttr) holds, THEN wasInfluencedBy(e2,ag1) also holds.

wasDerivedFrom
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: wasInfluencedBy
domain: Entity
range: Entity
property chain axiom: qualifiedDerivation
property chain axiom: entity
comment: The more specific subproperties of prov:wasDerivedFrom (i.e., prov:wasQuotedFrom, prov:wasRevisionOf, prov:hadPrimarySource) should be used when applicable.
category: starting-point
component: derivations
definition: A derivation is a transformation of an entity into another, an update of an entity resulting in a new one, or the construction of a new entity based on a pre-existing entity.
inverse: hadDerivation
qualified form: Derivation
qualified form: qualifiedDerivation

Axiom
annotated source: wasDerivedFrom
annotated property: subPropertyOf
annotated target: wasInfluencedBy
comment: Derivation is a particular case of trace (see http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#term-trace), since it links an entity to another entity that contributed to its existence.

wasEndedBy
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: wasInfluencedBy
domain: Activity
range: Entity
property chain axiom: qualifiedEnd
property chain axiom: entity
comment: End is when an activity is deemed to have ended. An end may refer to an entity, known as trigger, that terminated the activity.
category: expanded
component: entities-activities
inverse: ended
qualified form: End
qualified form: qualifiedEnd

wasGeneratedBy
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: wasInfluencedBy
domain: Entity
range: Activity
property chain axiom: qualifiedGeneration
property chain axiom: activity
category: starting-point
component: entities-activities
inverse: generated
qualified form: Generation
qualified form: qualifiedGeneration

wasInfluencedBy
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Class
  union of: Activity
  union of: Agent
  union of: Entity
range: Class
  union of: Activity
  union of: Agent
  union of: Entity
comment: Because prov:wasInfluencedBy is a broad relation, its more specific subproperties (e.g. prov:wasInformedBy, prov:actedOnBehalfOf, prov:wasEndedBy, etc.) should be used when applicable.
comment: This property has multiple RDFS domains to suit multiple OWL Profiles. See PROV-O OWL Profile.
category: qualified
component: agents-responsibility
editorial note: The sub-properties of prov:wasInfluencedBy can be elaborated in more detail using the Qualification Pattern. For example, the binary relation :baking prov:used :spoon can be qualified by asserting :baking prov:qualifiedUsage [ a prov:Usage; prov:entity :spoon; prov:atLocation :kitchen ] . Subproperties of prov:wasInfluencedBy may also be asserted directly without being qualified. prov:wasInfluencedBy should not be used without also using one of its subproperties.
inverse: influenced
qualified form: Influence
qualified form: qualifiedInfluence
shares definition with: Influence

Axiom
annotated source: wasInfluencedBy
annotated property: domain
annotated target: Class
  union of: Activity
  union of: Agent
  union of: Entity
definition: influencee: an identifier (o2) for an entity, activity, or agent;
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-influence

Axiom
annotated source: wasInfluencedBy
annotated property: range
annotated target: Class
  union of: Activity
  union of: Agent
  union of: Entity
definition: influencer: an identifier (o1) for an ancestor entity, activity, or agent that the former depends on;
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-influence

wasInformedBy
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: wasInfluencedBy
domain: Activity
range: Activity
property chain axiom: qualifiedCommunication
property chain axiom: activity
comment: An activity a2 is dependent on or informed by another activity a1, by way of some unspecified entity that is generated by a1 and used by a2.
category: starting-point
component: entities-activities
inverse: informed
qualified form: Communication
qualified form: qualifiedCommunication

wasInvalidatedBy
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: wasInfluencedBy
domain: Entity
range: Activity
property chain axiom: qualifiedInvalidation
property chain axiom: activity
category: expanded
component: entities-activities
inverse: invalidated
qualified form: Invalidation
qualified form: qualifiedInvalidation

wasQuotedFrom
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: wasDerivedFrom
domain: Entity
range: Entity
property chain axiom: qualifiedQuotation
property chain axiom: entity
comment: An entity is derived from an original entity by copying, or 'quoting', some or all of it.
category: expanded
component: derivations
inverse: quotedAs
qualified form: Quotation
qualified form: qualifiedQuotation

Axiom
annotated source: wasQuotedFrom
annotated property: subPropertyOf
annotated target: wasDerivedFrom
comment: Quotation is a particular case of derivation (see http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#term-quotation) in which an entity is derived from an original entity by copying, or "quoting", some or all of it.

Axiom
annotated source: wasRevisionOf
annotated property: subPropertyOf
annotated target: wasDerivedFrom
comment: Revision is a derivation (see http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-dm/#term-Revision). Moreover, according to http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#term-Revision 23 April 2012 'wasRevisionOf is a strict sub-relation of wasDerivedFrom since two entities e2 and e1 may satisfy wasDerivedFrom(e2,e1) without being a variant of each other.'

wasStartedBy
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: wasInfluencedBy
domain: Activity
range: Entity
property chain axiom: qualifiedStart
property chain axiom: entity
comment: Start is when an activity is deemed to have started. A start may refer to an entity, known as trigger, that initiated the activity.
category: expanded
component: entities-activities
inverse: started
qualified form: Start
qualified form: qualifiedStart

atTime
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: InstantaneousEvent
range: dateTime
comment: The time at which an InstantaneousEvent occurred, in the form of xsd:dateTime.
category: qualified
component: entities-activities
shares definition with: InstantaneousEvent
unqualified form: endedAtTime
unqualified form: generatedAtTime
unqualified form: invalidatedAtTime
unqualified form: startedAtTime

endedAtTime
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Activity
range: dateTime
comment: The time at which an activity ended. See also prov:startedAtTime.
category: starting-point
component: entities-activities
editorial note: It is the intent that the property chain holds: (prov:qualifiedEnd o prov:atTime) rdfs:subPropertyOf prov:endedAtTime.
qualified form: End
qualified form: atTime

generatedAtTime
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Entity
range: dateTime
comment: The time at which an entity was completely created and is available for use.
category: expanded
component: entities-activities
editorial note: It is the intent that the property chain holds: (prov:qualifiedGeneration o prov:atTime) rdfs:subPropertyOf prov:generatedAtTime.
qualified form: Generation
qualified form: atTime

invalidatedAtTime
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Entity
range: dateTime
comment: The time at which an entity was invalidated (i.e., no longer usable).
category: expanded
component: entities-activities
editorial note: It is the intent that the property chain holds: (prov:qualifiedInvalidation o prov:atTime) rdfs:subPropertyOf prov:invalidatedAtTime.
qualified form: Invalidation
qualified form: atTime

startedAtTime
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Activity
range: dateTime
comment: The time at which an activity started. See also prov:endedAtTime.
category: starting-point
component: entities-activities
editorial note: It is the intent that the property chain holds: (prov:qualifiedStart o prov:atTime) rdfs:subPropertyOf prov:startedAtTime.
qualified form: Start
qualified form: atTime

value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Entity
category: expanded
component: entities-activities
definition: Provides a value that is a direct representation of an entity.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-value
editorial note: The editor's definition comes from http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-primer/#rdfvalue
editorial note: This property serves the same purpose as rdf:value, but has been reintroduced to avoid some of the definitional ambiguity in the RDF specification (specifically, 'may be used in describing structured values').

Activity
type: Class
disjoint with: Entity
category: starting-point
component: entities-activities
constraints: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#prov-dm-constraints-fig
definition: An activity is something that occurs over a period of time and acts upon or with entities; it may include consuming, processing, transforming, modifying, relocating, using, or generating entities.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-Activity
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-Activity

ActivityInfluence
type: Class
subclass of: Influence
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: hadActivity
  max cardinality: 0
disjoint with: EntityInfluence
comment: ActivityInfluence provides additional descriptions of an Activity's binary influence upon any other kind of resource. Instances of ActivityInfluence use the prov:activity property to cite the influencing Activity.
comment: It is not recommended that the type ActivityInfluence be asserted without also asserting one of its more specific subclasses.
category: qualified
editors definition: ActivitiyInfluence is the capacity of an activity to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of another by means of generation, invalidation, communication, or other.

Agent
type: Class
disjoint with: InstantaneousEvent
category: starting-point
component: agents-responsibility
definition: An agent is something that bears some form of responsibility for an activity taking place, for the existence of an entity, or for another agent's activity.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-agent
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-Agent

AgentInfluence
type: Class
subclass of: Influence
comment: AgentInfluence provides additional descriptions of an Agent's binary influence upon any other kind of resource. Instances of AgentInfluence use the prov:agent property to cite the influencing Agent.
comment: It is not recommended that the type AgentInfluence be asserted without also asserting one of its more specific subclasses.
category: qualified
editors definition: AgentInfluence is the capacity of an agent to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of another by means of attribution, association, delegation, or other.

Association
type: Class
subclass of: AgentInfluence
comment: An instance of prov:Association provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasAssociatedWith relation from an prov:Activity to some prov:Agent that had some responsiblity for it. For example, :baking prov:wasAssociatedWith :baker; prov:qualifiedAssociation [ a prov:Association; prov:agent :baker; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: agents-responsibility
definition: An activity association is an assignment of responsibility to an agent for an activity, indicating that the agent had a role in the activity. It further allows for a plan to be specified, which is the plan intended by the agent to achieve some goals in the context of this activity.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-Association
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-Association
unqualified form: wasAssociatedWith

Attribution
type: Class
subclass of: AgentInfluence
comment: An instance of prov:Attribution provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasAttributedTo relation from an prov:Entity to some prov:Agent that had some responsible for it. For example, :cake prov:wasAttributedTo :baker; prov:qualifiedAttribution [ a prov:Attribution; prov:entity :baker; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: agents-responsibility
constraints: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#prov-dm-constraints-fig
definition: Attribution is the ascribing of an entity to an agent. When an entity e is attributed to agent ag, entity e was generated by some unspecified activity that in turn was associated to agent ag. Thus, this relation is useful when the activity is not known, or irrelevant.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribution
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-attribution
unqualified form: wasAttributedTo

Bundle
type: Class
subclass of: Entity
comment: Note that there are kinds of bundles (e.g. handwritten letters, audio recordings, etc.) that are not expressed in PROV-O, but can be still be described by PROV-O.
category: expanded
definition: A bundle is a named set of provenance descriptions, and is itself an Entity, so allowing provenance of provenance to be expressed.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-bundle-entity
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-bundle-declaration

Collection
type: Class
subclass of: Entity
category: expanded
component: collections
definition: A collection is an entity that provides a structure to some constituents, which are themselves entities. These constituents are said to be member of the collections.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-collection

Communication
type: Class
subclass of: ActivityInfluence
comment: An instance of prov:Communication provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasInformedBy relation from an informed prov:Activity to the prov:Activity that informed it. For example, :you_jumping_off_bridge prov:wasInformedBy :everyone_else_jumping_off_bridge; prov:qualifiedCommunication [ a prov:Communication; prov:activity :everyone_else_jumping_off_bridge; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: entities-activities
constraints: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#prov-dm-constraints-fig
definition: Communication is the exchange of an entity by two activities, one activity using the entity generated by the other.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-Communication
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-wasInformedBy
unqualified form: wasInformedBy

Delegation
type: Class
subclass of: AgentInfluence
comment: An instance of prov:Delegation provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:actedOnBehalfOf relation from a performing prov:Agent to some prov:Agent for whom it was performed. For example, :mixing prov:wasAssociatedWith :toddler . :toddler prov:actedOnBehalfOf :mother; prov:qualifiedDelegation [ a prov:Delegation; prov:entity :mother; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: agents-responsibility
definition: Delegation is the assignment of authority and responsibility to an agent (by itself or by another agent) to carry out a specific activity as a delegate or representative, while the agent it acts on behalf of retains some responsibility for the outcome of the delegated work. For example, a student acted on behalf of his supervisor, who acted on behalf of the department chair, who acted on behalf of the university; all those agents are responsible in some way for the activity that took place but we do not say explicitly who bears responsibility and to what degree.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-delegation
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-delegation
unqualified form: actedOnBehalfOf

Derivation
type: Class
subclass of: EntityInfluence
comment: An instance of prov:Derivation provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasDerivedFrom relation from some derived prov:Entity to another prov:Entity from which it was derived. For example, :chewed_bubble_gum prov:wasDerivedFrom :unwrapped_bubble_gum; prov:qualifiedDerivation [ a prov:Derivation; prov:entity :unwrapped_bubble_gum; :foo :bar ].
comment: The more specific forms of prov:Derivation (i.e., prov:Revision, prov:Quotation, prov:PrimarySource) should be asserted if they apply.
category: qualified
component: derivations
constraints: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#prov-dm-constraints-fig
definition: A derivation is a transformation of an entity into another, an update of an entity resulting in a new one, or the construction of a new entity based on a pre-existing entity.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-Derivation
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#Derivation-Relation
unqualified form: wasDerivedFrom

EmptyCollection
type: Class
subclass of: Collection
type: NamedIndividual
definition: An empty collection is a collection without members.
category: expanded
component: collections

End
type: Class
subclass of: EntityInfluence
subclass of: InstantaneousEvent
comment: An instance of prov:End provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasEndedBy relation from some ended prov:Activity to an prov:Entity that ended it. For example, :ball_game prov:wasEndedBy :buzzer; prov:qualifiedEnd [ a prov:End; prov:entity :buzzer; :foo :bar; prov:atTime '2012-03-09T08:05:08-05:00'^^xsd:dateTime ].
category: qualified
component: entities-activities
constraints: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#prov-dm-constraints-fig
definition: End is when an activity is deemed to have been ended by an entity, known as trigger. The activity no longer exists after its end. Any usage, generation, or invalidation involving an activity precedes the activity's end. An end may refer to a trigger entity that terminated the activity, or to an activity, known as ender that generated the trigger.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-End
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-End
unqualified form: wasEndedBy

Entity
type: Class
disjoint with: InstantaneousEvent
category: starting-point
component: entities-activities
constraints: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#prov-dm-constraints-fig
definition: An entity is a physical, digital, conceptual, or other kind of thing with some fixed aspects; entities may be real or imaginary.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-entity
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-Entity

EntityInfluence
type: Class
subclass of: Influence
comment: EntityInfluence provides additional descriptions of an Entity's binary influence upon any other kind of resource. Instances of EntityInfluence use the prov:entity property to cite the influencing Entity.
comment: It is not recommended that the type EntityInfluence be asserted without also asserting one of its more specific subclasses.
category: qualified
editors definition: EntityInfluence is the capacity of an entity to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of another by means of usage, start, end, derivation, or other.

Generation
type: Class
subclass of: ActivityInfluence
subclass of: InstantaneousEvent
comment: An instance of prov:Generation provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasGeneratedBy relation from a generated prov:Entity to the prov:Activity that generated it. For example, :cake prov:wasGeneratedBy :baking; prov:qualifiedGeneration [ a prov:Generation; prov:activity :baking; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: entities-activities
constraints: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#prov-dm-constraints-fig
definition: Generation is the completion of production of a new entity by an activity. This entity did not exist before generation and becomes available for usage after this generation.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-Generation
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-Generation
unqualified form: wasGeneratedBy

Influence
type: Class
comment: An instance of prov:Influence provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasInfluencedBy relation from some influenced Activity, Entity, or Agent to the influencing Activity, Entity, or Agent. For example, :stomach_ache prov:wasInfluencedBy :spoon; prov:qualifiedInfluence [ a prov:Influence; prov:entity :spoon; :foo :bar ] . Because prov:Influence is a broad relation, the more specific relations (Communication, Delegation, End, etc.) should be used when applicable.
comment: Because prov:Influence is a broad relation, its most specific subclasses (e.g. prov:Communication, prov:Delegation, prov:End, prov:Revision, etc.) should be used when applicable.
category: qualified
component: derivations
definition: Influence is the capacity of an entity, activity, or agent to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of another by means of usage, start, end, generation, invalidation, communication, derivation, attribution, association, or delegation.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-influence
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-influence
unqualified form: wasInfluencedBy

InstantaneousEvent
type: Class
comment: An instantaneous event, or event for short, happens in the world and marks a change in the world, in its activities and in its entities. The term 'event' is commonly used in process algebra with a similar meaning. Events represent communications or interactions; they are assumed to be atomic and instantaneous.
category: qualified
component: entities-activities
constraints: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#dfn-event
definition: The PROV data model is implicitly based on a notion of instantaneous events (or just events), that mark transitions in the world. Events include generation, usage, or invalidation of entities, as well as starting or ending of activities. This notion of event is not first-class in the data model, but it is useful for explaining its other concepts and its semantics.

Invalidation
type: Class
subclass of: ActivityInfluence
subclass of: InstantaneousEvent
comment: An instance of prov:Invalidation provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasInvalidatedBy relation from an invalidated prov:Entity to the prov:Activity that invalidated it. For example, :uncracked_egg prov:wasInvalidatedBy :baking; prov:qualifiedInvalidation [ a prov:Invalidation; prov:activity :baking; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: entities-activities
constraints: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#prov-dm-constraints-fig
definition: Invalidation is the start of the destruction, cessation, or expiry of an existing entity by an activity. The entity is no longer available for use (or further invalidation) after invalidation. Any generation or usage of an entity precedes its invalidation.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-Invalidation
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-Invalidation
unqualified form: wasInvalidatedBy

Location
type: Class
category: expanded
definition: A location can be an identifiable geographic place (ISO 19112), but it can also be a non-geographic place such as a directory, row, or column. As such, there are numerous ways in which location can be expressed, such as by a coordinate, address, landmark, and so forth.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-location
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-attribute

Organization
type: Class
subclass of: Agent
category: expanded
component: agents-responsibility
definition: An organization is a social or legal institution such as a company, society, etc.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-agent
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-types

Person
type: Class
subclass of: Agent
category: expanded
component: agents-responsibility
definition: Person agents are people.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-agent
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-types

Plan
type: Class
subclass of: Entity
comment: There exist no prescriptive requirement on the nature of plans, their representation, the actions or steps they consist of, or their intended goals. Since plans may evolve over time, it may become necessary to track their provenance, so plans themselves are entities. Representing the plan explicitly in the provenance can be useful for various tasks: for example, to validate the execution as represented in the provenance record, to manage expectation failures, or to provide explanations.
category: expanded
category: qualified
component: agents-responsibility
definition: A plan is an entity that represents a set of actions or steps intended by one or more agents to achieve some goals.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-Association
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-Association

PrimarySource
type: Class
subclass of: Derivation
comment: An instance of prov:PrimarySource provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:hadPrimarySource relation from some secondary prov:Entity to an earlier, primary prov:Entity. For example, :blog prov:hadPrimarySource :newsArticle; prov:qualifiedPrimarySource [ a prov:PrimarySource; prov:entity :newsArticle; :foo :bar ] .
category: qualified
component: derivations
definition: A primary source for a topic refers to something produced by some agent with direct experience and knowledge about the topic, at the time of the topic's study, without benefit from hindsight. Because of the directness of primary sources, they 'speak for themselves' in ways that cannot be captured through the filter of secondary sources. As such, it is important for secondary sources to reference those primary sources from which they were derived, so that their reliability can be investigated. A primary source relation is a particular case of derivation of secondary materials from their primary sources. It is recognized that the determination of primary sources can be up to interpretation, and should be done according to conventions accepted within the application's domain.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-primary-source
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-original-source
unqualified form: hadPrimarySource

Quotation
type: Class
subclass of: Derivation
comment: An instance of prov:Quotation provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasQuotedFrom relation from some taken prov:Entity from an earlier, larger prov:Entity. For example, :here_is_looking_at_you_kid prov:wasQuotedFrom :casablanca_script; prov:qualifiedQuotation [ a prov:Quotation; prov:entity :casablanca_script; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: derivations
definition: A quotation is the repeat of (some or all of) an entity, such as text or image, by someone who may or may not be its original author. Quotation is a particular case of derivation.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-quotation
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-quotation
unqualified form: wasQuotedFrom

Revision
type: Class
subclass of: Derivation
comment: An instance of prov:Revision provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasRevisionOf relation from some newer prov:Entity to an earlier prov:Entity. For example, :draft_2 prov:wasRevisionOf :draft_1; prov:qualifiedRevision [ a prov:Revision; prov:entity :draft_1; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: derivations
definition: A revision is a derivation for which the resulting entity is a revised version of some original. The implication here is that the resulting entity contains substantial content from the original. Revision is a particular case of derivation.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-revision
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-Revision
unqualified form: wasRevisionOf

Role
type: Class
category: qualified
component: agents-responsibility
definition: A role is the function of an entity or agent with respect to an activity, in the context of a usage, generation, invalidation, association, start, and end.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-attribute-role
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-attribute

SoftwareAgent
type: Class
subclass of: Agent
category: expanded
component: agents-responsibility
definition: A software agent is running software.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-agent
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-types

Start
type: Class
subclass of: EntityInfluence
subclass of: InstantaneousEvent
comment: An instance of prov:Start provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:wasStartedBy relation from some started prov:Activity to an prov:Entity that started it. For example, :foot_race prov:wasStartedBy :bang; prov:qualifiedStart [ a prov:Start; prov:entity :bang; :foo :bar; prov:atTime '2012-03-09T08:05:08-05:00'^^xsd:dateTime ] .
category: qualified
component: entities-activities
constraints: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#prov-dm-constraints-fig
definition: Start is when an activity is deemed to have been started by an entity, known as trigger. The activity did not exist before its start. Any usage, generation, or invalidation involving an activity follows the activity's start. A start may refer to a trigger entity that set off the activity, or to an activity, known as starter, that generated the trigger.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-Start
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-Start
unqualified form: wasStartedBy

Usage
type: Class
subclass of: EntityInfluence
subclass of: InstantaneousEvent
comment: An instance of prov:Usage provides additional descriptions about the binary prov:used relation from some prov:Activity to an prov:Entity that it used. For example, :keynote prov:used :podium; prov:qualifiedUsage [ a prov:Usage; prov:entity :podium; :foo :bar ].
category: qualified
component: entities-activities
constraints: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-constraints-20130430/#prov-dm-constraints-fig
definition: Usage is the beginning of utilizing an entity by an activity. Before usage, the activity had not begun to utilize this entity and could not have been affected by the entity.
dm: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-dm-20130430/#term-Usage
n: http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/REC-prov-n-20130430/#expression-Usage
unqualified form: used